pytest/testing/python/raises_group.py

1349 lines
54 KiB
Python

from __future__ import annotations
# several expected multi-line strings contain long lines. We don't wanna break them up
# as that makes it confusing to see where the line breaks are.
# ruff: noqa: E501
from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
import re
import sys
from _pytest._code import ExceptionInfo
from _pytest.outcomes import Failed
from _pytest.pytester import Pytester
from _pytest.raises import RaisesExc
from _pytest.raises import RaisesGroup
from _pytest.raises import repr_callable
import pytest
if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
from exceptiongroup import ExceptionGroup
def wrap_escape(s: str) -> str:
return "^" + re.escape(s) + "$"
def fails_raises_group(msg: str, add_prefix: bool = True) -> RaisesExc[Failed]:
assert msg[-1] != "\n", (
"developer error, expected string should not end with newline"
)
prefix = "Raised exception group did not match: " if add_prefix else ""
return pytest.raises(Failed, match=wrap_escape(prefix + msg))
def test_raises_group() -> None:
with pytest.raises(
TypeError,
match=wrap_escape("expected exception must be a BaseException type, not 'int'"),
):
RaisesExc(5) # type: ignore[call-overload]
with pytest.raises(
ValueError,
match=wrap_escape("expected exception must be a BaseException type, not 'int'"),
):
RaisesExc(int) # type: ignore[type-var]
with pytest.raises(
TypeError,
# TODO: bad sentence structure
match=wrap_escape(
"expected exception must be a BaseException type, RaisesExc, or RaisesGroup, not an exception instance (ValueError)",
),
):
RaisesGroup(ValueError()) # type: ignore[call-overload]
with RaisesGroup(ValueError):
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", (ValueError(),))
with (
fails_raises_group("`SyntaxError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`"),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", (SyntaxError(),))
# multiple exceptions
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, SyntaxError):
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", (ValueError(), SyntaxError()))
# order doesn't matter
with RaisesGroup(SyntaxError, ValueError):
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", (ValueError(), SyntaxError()))
# nested exceptions
with RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)):
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", (ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),)),))
with RaisesGroup(
SyntaxError,
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
RaisesGroup(RuntimeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"foo",
(
SyntaxError(),
ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),)),
ExceptionGroup("", (RuntimeError(),)),
),
)
def test_incorrect_number_exceptions() -> None:
# We previously gave an error saying the number of exceptions was wrong,
# but we now instead indicate excess/missing exceptions
with (
fails_raises_group(
"1 matched exception. Unexpected exception(s): [RuntimeError()]"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (RuntimeError(), ValueError()))
# will error if there's missing exceptions
with (
fails_raises_group(
"1 matched exception. Too few exceptions raised, found no match for: [SyntaxError]"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, SyntaxError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"1 matched exception. \n"
"Too few exceptions raised!\n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" It matches `ValueError()` which was paired with `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"1 matched exception. \n"
"Unexpected exception(s)!\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ValueError('b'):\n"
" It matches `ValueError` which was paired with `ValueError('a')`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError("a"), ValueError("b")))
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"1 matched exception. \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" It matches `ValueError()` which was paired with `ValueError`\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" SyntaxError():\n"
" `SyntaxError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), SyntaxError()])
def test_flatten_subgroups() -> None:
# loose semantics, as with expect*
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),)),))
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, TypeError, flatten_subgroups=True):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(), TypeError())),))
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, TypeError, flatten_subgroups=True):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()]), TypeError()])
# mixed loose is possible if you want it to be at least N deep
with RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True)):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),)),))
with RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True)):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
(ExceptionGroup("", (ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),)),)),),
)
# but not the other way around
with pytest.raises(
ValueError,
match=r"^You cannot specify a nested structure inside a RaisesGroup with",
):
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError), flatten_subgroups=True) # type: ignore[call-overload]
# flatten_subgroups is not sufficient to catch fully unwrapped
with (
fails_raises_group(
"`ValueError()` is not an exception group, but would match with `allow_unwrapped=True`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True),
):
raise ValueError
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True): `ValueError()` is not an exception group, but would match with `allow_unwrapped=True`"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True)),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
# helpful suggestion if flatten_subgroups would make it pass
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" TypeError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError(), TypeError()]):\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `TypeError`\n"
"Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, TypeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), TypeError()])])
# but doesn't consider check (otherwise we'd break typing guarantees)
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" TypeError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError(), TypeError()]):\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `TypeError`\n"
"Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(
ValueError,
TypeError,
check=lambda eg: len(eg.exceptions) == 1,
),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), TypeError()])])
# correct number of exceptions, and flatten_subgroups would make it pass
# This now doesn't print a repr of the caught exception at all, but that can be found in the traceback
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])])
# correct number of exceptions, but flatten_subgroups wouldn't help, so we don't suggest it
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [TypeError()])])
# flatten_subgroups can be suggested if nested. This will implicitly ask the user to
# do `RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, flatten_subgroups=True))` which is unlikely
# to be what they actually want - but I don't think it's worth trying to special-case
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesGroup(ValueError): Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?",
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])])],
)
# Don't mention "unexpected nested" if expecting an ExceptionGroup.
# Although it should perhaps be an error to specify `RaisesGroup(ExceptionGroup)` in
# favor of doing `RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(...))`.
with (
fails_raises_group(
"`BaseExceptionGroup()` is not an instance of `ExceptionGroup`"
),
RaisesGroup(ExceptionGroup),
):
raise BaseExceptionGroup("", [BaseExceptionGroup("", [KeyboardInterrupt()])])
def test_catch_unwrapped_exceptions() -> None:
# Catches lone exceptions with strict=False
# just as except* would
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True):
raise ValueError
# expecting multiple unwrapped exceptions is not possible
with pytest.raises(
ValueError,
match=r"^You cannot specify multiple exceptions with",
):
RaisesGroup(SyntaxError, ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True) # type: ignore[call-overload]
# if users want one of several exception types they need to use a RaisesExc
# (which the error message suggests)
with RaisesGroup(
RaisesExc(check=lambda e: isinstance(e, (SyntaxError, ValueError))),
allow_unwrapped=True,
):
raise ValueError
# Unwrapped nested `RaisesGroup` is likely a user error, so we raise an error.
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="has no effect when expecting"):
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError), allow_unwrapped=True) # type: ignore[call-overload]
# But it *can* be used to check for nesting level +- 1 if they move it to
# the nested RaisesGroup. Users should probably use `RaisesExc`s instead though.
with RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True)):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])])
with RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True)):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])
# with allow_unwrapped=False (default) it will not be caught
with (
fails_raises_group(
"`ValueError()` is not an exception group, but would match with `allow_unwrapped=True`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ValueError("value error text")
# allow_unwrapped on its own won't match against nested groups
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?",
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", [ExceptionGroup("bar", [ValueError()])])
# you need both allow_unwrapped and flatten_subgroups to fully emulate except*
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True, flatten_subgroups=True):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])])
# code coverage
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception (group) did not match: `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True),
):
raise TypeError("this text doesn't show up in the error message")
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception (group) did not match: RaisesExc(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError), allow_unwrapped=True),
):
raise TypeError
# check we don't suggest unwrapping with nested RaisesGroup
with (
fails_raises_group("`ValueError()` is not an exception group"),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)),
):
raise ValueError
def test_match() -> None:
# supports match string
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="bar"):
raise ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),))
# now also works with ^$
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="^bar$"):
raise ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),))
# it also includes notes
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="my note"):
e = ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),))
e.add_note("my note")
raise e
# and technically you can match it all with ^$
# but you're probably better off using a RaisesExc at that point
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="^bar\nmy note$"):
e = ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),))
e.add_note("my note")
raise e
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Regex pattern did not match the `ExceptionGroup()`.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'bar'"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="foo"),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("bar", (ValueError(),))
# Suggest a fix for easy pitfall of adding match to the RaisesGroup instead of
# using a RaisesExc.
# This requires a single expected & raised exception, the expected is a type,
# and `isinstance(raised, expected_type)`.
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Regex pattern did not match the `ExceptionGroup()`.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'bar'\n"
" but matched the expected `ValueError`.\n"
" You might want `RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match='foo'))`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="foo"),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("bar", [ValueError("foo")])
def test_check() -> None:
exc = ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
def is_exc(e: ExceptionGroup[ValueError]) -> bool:
return e is exc
is_exc_repr = repr_callable(is_exc)
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, check=is_exc):
raise exc
with (
fails_raises_group(
f"check {is_exc_repr} did not return True on the ExceptionGroup"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, check=is_exc),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
def is_value_error(e: BaseException) -> bool:
return isinstance(e, ValueError)
# helpful suggestion if the user thinks the check is for the sub-exception
with (
fails_raises_group(
f"check {is_value_error} did not return True on the ExceptionGroup, but did return True for the expected ValueError. You might want RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, check=<...>))"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, check=is_value_error),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
def test_unwrapped_match_check() -> None:
def my_check(e: object) -> bool: # pragma: no cover
return True
msg = (
"`allow_unwrapped=True` bypasses the `match` and `check` parameters"
" if the exception is unwrapped. If you intended to match/check the"
" exception you should use a `RaisesExc` object. If you want to match/check"
" the exceptiongroup when the exception *is* wrapped you need to"
" do e.g. `if isinstance(exc.value, ExceptionGroup):"
" assert RaisesGroup(...).matches(exc.value)` afterwards."
)
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=re.escape(msg)):
RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True, match="foo") # type: ignore[call-overload]
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=re.escape(msg)):
RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True, check=my_check) # type: ignore[call-overload]
# Users should instead use a RaisesExc
rg = RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="^foo$"), allow_unwrapped=True)
with rg:
raise ValueError("foo")
with rg:
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError("foo")])
# or if they wanted to match/check the group, do a conditional `.matches()`
with RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True) as exc:
raise ExceptionGroup("bar", [ValueError("foo")])
if isinstance(exc.value, ExceptionGroup): # pragma: no branch
assert RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="bar").matches(exc.value)
def test_matches() -> None:
rg = RaisesGroup(ValueError)
assert not rg.matches(None)
assert not rg.matches(ValueError())
assert rg.matches(ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),)))
re = RaisesExc(ValueError)
assert not re.matches(None)
assert re.matches(ValueError())
def test_message() -> None:
def check_message(
message: str,
body: RaisesGroup[BaseException],
) -> None:
with (
pytest.raises(
Failed,
match=f"^DID NOT RAISE any exception, expected `{re.escape(message)}`$",
),
body,
):
...
# basic
check_message("ExceptionGroup(ValueError)", RaisesGroup(ValueError))
# multiple exceptions
check_message(
"ExceptionGroup(ValueError, ValueError)",
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError),
)
# nested
check_message(
"ExceptionGroup(ExceptionGroup(ValueError))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)),
)
# RaisesExc
check_message(
"ExceptionGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match='my_str'))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="my_str")),
)
check_message(
"ExceptionGroup(RaisesExc(match='my_str'))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(match="my_str")),
)
# one-size tuple is printed as not being a tuple
check_message(
"ExceptionGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc((ValueError,))),
)
check_message(
"ExceptionGroup(RaisesExc((ValueError, IndexError)))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc((ValueError, IndexError))),
)
# BaseExceptionGroup
check_message(
"BaseExceptionGroup(KeyboardInterrupt)",
RaisesGroup(KeyboardInterrupt),
)
# BaseExceptionGroup with type inside RaisesExc
check_message(
"BaseExceptionGroup(RaisesExc(KeyboardInterrupt))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(KeyboardInterrupt)),
)
check_message(
"BaseExceptionGroup(RaisesExc((ValueError, KeyboardInterrupt)))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc((ValueError, KeyboardInterrupt))),
)
# Base-ness transfers to parent containers
check_message(
"BaseExceptionGroup(BaseExceptionGroup(KeyboardInterrupt))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(KeyboardInterrupt)),
)
# but not to child containers
check_message(
"BaseExceptionGroup(BaseExceptionGroup(KeyboardInterrupt), ExceptionGroup(ValueError))",
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(KeyboardInterrupt), RaisesGroup(ValueError)),
)
def test_assert_message() -> None:
# the message does not need to list all parameters to RaisesGroup, nor all exceptions
# in the exception group, as those are both visible in the traceback.
# first fails to match
with (
fails_raises_group("`TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`"),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("a", [TypeError()])
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError)\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, match='a')\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [RuntimeError()]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `RuntimeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, match='a'): Regex pattern did not match the `ExceptionGroup()`.\n"
" Regex: 'a'\n"
" Input: ''\n"
" RuntimeError():\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `RuntimeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, match='a'): `RuntimeError()` is not an exception group",
add_prefix=False, # to see the full structure
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError), RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="a")),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[ExceptionGroup("", [RuntimeError()]), RuntimeError()],
)
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"2 matched exceptions. \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(RuntimeError)\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError)\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" RuntimeError():\n"
" RaisesGroup(RuntimeError): `RuntimeError()` is not an exception group, but would match with `allow_unwrapped=True`\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `RuntimeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" ValueError('bar'):\n"
" It matches `ValueError` which was paired with `ValueError('foo')`\n"
" RaisesGroup(RuntimeError): `ValueError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `ValueError()` is not an exception group, but would match with `allow_unwrapped=True`",
add_prefix=False, # to see the full structure
),
RaisesGroup(
ValueError,
RaisesExc(TypeError),
RaisesGroup(RuntimeError),
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"a",
[RuntimeError(), TypeError(), ValueError("foo"), ValueError("bar")],
)
with (
fails_raises_group(
"1 matched exception. `AssertionError()` is not an instance of `TypeError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, TypeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("a", [ValueError(), AssertionError()])
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesExc(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError)),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("a", [TypeError()])
# suggest escaping
with (
fails_raises_group(
# TODO: did not match Exceptiongroup('h(ell)o', ...) ?
"Raised exception group did not match: Regex pattern did not match the `ExceptionGroup()`.\n"
" Regex: 'h(ell)o'\n"
" Input: 'h(ell)o'\n"
" Did you mean to `re.escape()` the regex?",
add_prefix=False, # to see the full structure
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="h(ell)o"),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("h(ell)o", [ValueError()])
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesExc(match='h(ell)o'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'h(ell)o'\n"
" Input: 'h(ell)o'\n"
" Did you mean to `re.escape()` the regex?",
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(match="h(ell)o")),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError("h(ell)o")])
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" ValueError\n"
" ValueError\n"
" ValueError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError(), TypeError()]):\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`",
add_prefix=False, # to see the full structure
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError, ValueError, ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), TypeError()])])
def test_message_indent() -> None:
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError)\n"
" ValueError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [TypeError(), RuntimeError()]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError): \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" ValueError\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError():\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" RuntimeError():\n"
" `RuntimeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" `RuntimeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
# TODO: this line is not great, should maybe follow the same format as the other and say
# ValueError: Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()` (?)
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" TypeError():\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError),
ValueError,
),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[
ExceptionGroup("", [TypeError(), RuntimeError()]),
TypeError(),
],
)
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError): \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" ValueError\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError():\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" RuntimeError():\n"
" `RuntimeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" `RuntimeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`",
add_prefix=False,
),
RaisesGroup(
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError),
),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[
ExceptionGroup("", [TypeError(), RuntimeError()]),
],
)
def test_suggestion_on_nested_and_brief_error() -> None:
# Make sure "Did you mean" suggestion gets indented iff it follows a single-line error
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError)\n"
" ValueError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError()])]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`",
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError), ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])])],
)
# if indented here it would look like another raised exception
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError)\n"
" ValueError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError(), ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError()])]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError): \n"
" 1 matched exception. \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" It matches `ValueError()` which was paired with `ValueError`\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('', [ValueError()]):\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`\n"
" Did you mean to use `flatten_subgroups=True`?\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError), ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])])],
)
# re.escape always comes after single-line errors
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(Exception, match='^hello')\n"
" ValueError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ExceptionGroup('^hello', [Exception()]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(Exception, match='^hello'): Regex pattern did not match the `ExceptionGroup()`.\n"
" Regex: '^hello'\n"
" Input: '^hello'\n"
" Did you mean to `re.escape()` the regex?\n"
" Unexpected nested `ExceptionGroup()`, expected `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(Exception, match="^hello"), ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("^hello", [Exception()])])
def test_assert_message_nested() -> None:
# we only get one instance of aaaaaaaaaa... and bbbbbb..., but we do get multiple instances of ccccc... and dddddd..
# but I think this now only prints the full repr when that is necessary to disambiguate exceptions
with (
fails_raises_group(
"Raised exception group did not match: \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError)\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError))\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo'))\n"
" RaisesGroup(TypeError, ValueError)\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError('aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo')): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(TypeError, ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" ExceptionGroup('Exceptions from Trio nursery', [TypeError('bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb')]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)): RaisesGroup(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo')): RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb'\n"
" RaisesGroup(TypeError, ValueError): 1 matched exception. Too few exceptions raised, found no match for: [ValueError]\n"
" ExceptionGroup('Exceptions from Trio nursery', [TypeError('cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc'), TypeError('dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd')]):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError('cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc'):\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" TypeError('dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd'):\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)): \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError)\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError('cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc'):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" TypeError('dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd'):\n"
" RaisesGroup(ValueError): `TypeError()` is not an exception group\n"
" RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo')): \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo')\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError('cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc'):\n"
" RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc'\n"
" TypeError('dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd'):\n"
" RaisesExc(TypeError, match='foo'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd'\n"
" RaisesGroup(TypeError, ValueError): \n"
" 1 matched exception. \n"
" The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError('dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd'):\n"
" It matches `TypeError` which was paired with `TypeError('cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc')`\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`",
add_prefix=False, # to see the full structure
),
RaisesGroup(
RaisesGroup(ValueError),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError)),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(TypeError, match="foo")),
RaisesGroup(TypeError, ValueError),
),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[
TypeError("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"),
ExceptionGroup(
"Exceptions from Trio nursery",
[TypeError("bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb")],
),
ExceptionGroup(
"Exceptions from Trio nursery",
[
TypeError("cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc"),
TypeError("dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd"),
],
),
],
)
# CI always runs with hypothesis, but this is not a critical test - it overlaps
# with several others
@pytest.mark.skipif(
"hypothesis" in sys.modules,
reason="hypothesis may have monkeypatched _check_repr",
)
def test_check_no_patched_repr() -> None: # pragma: no cover
# We make `_check_repr` monkeypatchable to avoid this very ugly and verbose
# repr. The other tests that use `check` make use of `_check_repr` so they'll
# continue passing in case it is patched - but we have this one test that
# demonstrates just how nasty it gets otherwise.
match_str = (
r"^Raised exception group did not match: \n"
r"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
r" RaisesExc\(check=<function test_check_no_patched_repr.<locals>.<lambda> at .*>\)\n"
r" TypeError\n"
r"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
r" ValueError\('foo'\):\n"
r" RaisesExc\(check=<function test_check_no_patched_repr.<locals>.<lambda> at .*>\): check did not return True\n"
r" `ValueError\(\)` is not an instance of `TypeError`\n"
r" ValueError\('bar'\):\n"
r" RaisesExc\(check=<function test_check_no_patched_repr.<locals>.<lambda> at .*>\): check did not return True\n"
r" `ValueError\(\)` is not an instance of `TypeError`$"
)
with (
pytest.raises(Failed, match=match_str),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(check=lambda x: False), TypeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError("foo"), ValueError("bar")])
def test_misordering_example() -> None:
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"3 matched exceptions. \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesExc(ValueError, match='foo')\n"
" It matches `ValueError('foo')` which was paired with `ValueError`\n"
" It matches `ValueError('foo')` which was paired with `ValueError`\n"
" It matches `ValueError('foo')` which was paired with `ValueError`\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ValueError('bar'):\n"
" It matches `ValueError` which was paired with `ValueError('foo')`\n"
" It matches `ValueError` which was paired with `ValueError('foo')`\n"
" It matches `ValueError` which was paired with `ValueError('foo')`\n"
" RaisesExc(ValueError, match='foo'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'bar'\n"
"There exist a possible match when attempting an exhaustive check, but RaisesGroup uses a greedy algorithm. Please make your expected exceptions more stringent with `RaisesExc` etc so the greedy algorithm can function."
),
RaisesGroup(
ValueError, ValueError, ValueError, RaisesExc(ValueError, match="foo")
),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"",
[
ValueError("foo"),
ValueError("foo"),
ValueError("foo"),
ValueError("bar"),
],
)
def test_brief_error_on_one_fail() -> None:
"""If only one raised and one expected fail to match up, we print a full table iff
the raised exception would match one of the expected that previously got matched"""
# no also-matched
with (
fails_raises_group(
"1 matched exception. `TypeError()` is not an instance of `RuntimeError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, RuntimeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), TypeError()])
# raised would match an expected
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"1 matched exception. \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RuntimeError\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError():\n"
" It matches `Exception` which was paired with `ValueError()`\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `RuntimeError`"
),
RaisesGroup(Exception, RuntimeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), TypeError()])
# expected would match a raised
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"1 matched exception. \n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" ValueError\n"
" It matches `ValueError()` which was paired with `ValueError`\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" TypeError():\n"
" `TypeError()` is not an instance of `ValueError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), TypeError()])
def test_identity_oopsies() -> None:
# it's both possible to have several instances of the same exception in the same group
# and to expect multiple of the same type
# this previously messed up the logic
with (
fails_raises_group(
"3 matched exceptions. `RuntimeError()` is not an instance of `TypeError`"
),
RaisesGroup(ValueError, ValueError, ValueError, TypeError),
):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"", [ValueError(), ValueError(), ValueError(), RuntimeError()]
)
e = ValueError("foo")
m = RaisesExc(match="bar")
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\n"
"The following expected exceptions did not find a match:\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar')\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar')\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar')\n"
"The following raised exceptions did not find a match\n"
" ValueError('foo'):\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" ValueError('foo'):\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" ValueError('foo'):\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'\n"
" RaisesExc(match='bar'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'bar'\n"
" Input: 'foo'"
),
RaisesGroup(m, m, m),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [e, e, e])
def test_raisesexc() -> None:
with pytest.raises(
ValueError,
match=r"^You must specify at least one parameter to match on.$",
):
RaisesExc() # type: ignore[call-overload]
with pytest.raises(
ValueError,
match=wrap_escape(
"expected exception must be a BaseException type, not 'object'"
),
):
RaisesExc(object) # type: ignore[type-var]
with RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError)):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesExc(TypeError): `ValueError()` is not an instance of `TypeError`"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(TypeError)),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError(),))
with RaisesExc(ValueError):
raise ValueError
# FIXME: leaving this one formatted differently for now to not change
# tests in python/raises.py
with pytest.raises(Failed, match=wrap_escape("DID NOT RAISE <class 'ValueError'>")):
with RaisesExc(ValueError):
...
with pytest.raises(Failed, match=wrap_escape("DID NOT RAISE any exception")):
with RaisesExc(match="foo"):
...
with pytest.raises(
# FIXME: do we want repr(type) or type.__name__ ?
Failed,
match=wrap_escape(
"DID NOT RAISE any of (<class 'ValueError'>, <class 'TypeError'>)"
),
):
with RaisesExc((ValueError, TypeError)):
...
# currently RaisesGroup says "Raised exception did not match" but RaisesExc doesn't...
with pytest.raises(
AssertionError,
match=wrap_escape("Regex pattern did not match.\n Regex: 'foo'\n Input: 'bar'"),
):
with RaisesExc(TypeError, match="foo"):
raise TypeError("bar")
def test_raisesexc_match() -> None:
with RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="foo")):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError("foo"),))
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesExc(ValueError, match='foo'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'bar'"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="foo")),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError("bar"),))
# Can be used without specifying the type
with RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(match="foo")):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError("foo"),))
with (
fails_raises_group(
"RaisesExc(match='foo'): Regex pattern did not match.\n"
" Regex: 'foo'\n"
" Input: 'bar'"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(match="foo")),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (ValueError("bar"),))
# check ^$
with RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="^bar$")):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError("bar")])
with (
fails_raises_group(
"\nRaisesExc(ValueError, match='^bar$'): \n - barr\n ? -\n + bar"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="^bar$")),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError("barr")])
def test_RaisesExc_check() -> None:
def check_oserror_and_errno_is_5(e: BaseException) -> bool:
return isinstance(e, OSError) and e.errno == 5
with RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(check=check_oserror_and_errno_is_5)):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (OSError(5, ""),))
# specifying exception_type narrows the parameter type to the callable
def check_errno_is_5(e: OSError) -> bool:
return e.errno == 5
with RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(OSError, check=check_errno_is_5)):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (OSError(5, ""),))
# avoid printing overly verbose repr multiple times
with (
fails_raises_group(
f"RaisesExc(OSError, check={check_errno_is_5!r}): check did not return True"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(OSError, check=check_errno_is_5)),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", (OSError(6, ""),))
# in nested cases you still get it multiple times though
# to address this you'd need logic in RaisesExc.__repr__ and RaisesGroup.__repr__
with (
fails_raises_group(
f"RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(OSError, check={check_errno_is_5!r})): RaisesExc(OSError, check={check_errno_is_5!r}): check did not return True"
),
RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(OSError, check=check_errno_is_5))),
):
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ExceptionGroup("", [OSError(6, "")])])
def test_raisesexc_tostring() -> None:
assert str(RaisesExc(ValueError)) == "RaisesExc(ValueError)"
assert str(RaisesExc(match="[a-z]")) == "RaisesExc(match='[a-z]')"
pattern_no_flags = re.compile(r"noflag", 0)
assert str(RaisesExc(match=pattern_no_flags)) == "RaisesExc(match='noflag')"
pattern_flags = re.compile(r"noflag", re.IGNORECASE)
assert str(RaisesExc(match=pattern_flags)) == f"RaisesExc(match={pattern_flags!r})"
assert (
str(RaisesExc(ValueError, match="re", check=bool))
== f"RaisesExc(ValueError, match='re', check={bool!r})"
)
def test_raisesgroup_tostring() -> None:
def check_str_and_repr(s: str) -> None:
evaled = eval(s)
assert s == str(evaled) == repr(evaled)
check_str_and_repr("RaisesGroup(ValueError)")
check_str_and_repr("RaisesGroup(RaisesGroup(ValueError))")
check_str_and_repr("RaisesGroup(RaisesExc(ValueError))")
check_str_and_repr("RaisesGroup(ValueError, allow_unwrapped=True)")
check_str_and_repr("RaisesGroup(ValueError, match='aoeu')")
assert (
str(RaisesGroup(ValueError, match="[a-z]", check=bool))
== f"RaisesGroup(ValueError, match='[a-z]', check={bool!r})"
)
def test_assert_matches() -> None:
e = ValueError()
# it's easy to do this
assert RaisesExc(ValueError).matches(e)
# but you don't get a helpful error
with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match=r"assert False\n \+ where False = .*"):
assert RaisesExc(TypeError).matches(e)
with pytest.raises(
AssertionError,
match=wrap_escape(
"`ValueError()` is not an instance of `TypeError`\n"
"assert False\n"
" + where False = matches(ValueError())\n"
" + where matches = RaisesExc(TypeError).matches"
),
):
# you'd need to do this arcane incantation
assert (m := RaisesExc(TypeError)).matches(e), m.fail_reason
# but even if we add assert_matches, will people remember to use it?
# other than writing a linter rule, I don't think we can catch `assert RaisesExc(...).matches`
# ... no wait pytest catches other asserts ... so we probably can??
# https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12504
def test_xfail_raisesgroup(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
pytester.makepyfile(
"""
import sys
import pytest
if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
from exceptiongroup import ExceptionGroup
@pytest.mark.xfail(raises=pytest.RaisesGroup(ValueError))
def test_foo() -> None:
raise ExceptionGroup("foo", [ValueError()])
"""
)
result = pytester.runpytest()
result.assert_outcomes(xfailed=1)
def test_xfail_RaisesExc(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
pytester.makepyfile(
"""
import pytest
@pytest.mark.xfail(raises=pytest.RaisesExc(ValueError))
def test_foo() -> None:
raise ValueError
"""
)
result = pytester.runpytest()
result.assert_outcomes(xfailed=1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"wrap_in_group,handler",
[
(False, pytest.raises(ValueError)),
(True, RaisesGroup(ValueError)),
],
)
def test_parametrizing_conditional_raisesgroup(
wrap_in_group: bool, handler: AbstractContextManager[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]]
) -> None:
with handler:
if wrap_in_group:
raise ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError()])
raise ValueError()
def test_annotated_group() -> None:
# repr depends on if exceptiongroup backport is being used or not
t = repr(ExceptionGroup[ValueError])
msg = "Only `ExceptionGroup[Exception]` or `BaseExceptionGroup[BaseExeption]` are accepted as generic types but got `{}`. As `raises` will catch all instances of the specified group regardless of the generic argument specific nested exceptions has to be checked with `RaisesGroup`."
fail_msg = wrap_escape(msg.format(t))
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=fail_msg):
RaisesGroup(ExceptionGroup[ValueError])
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=fail_msg):
RaisesExc(ExceptionGroup[ValueError])
with pytest.raises(
ValueError,
match=wrap_escape(msg.format(repr(BaseExceptionGroup[KeyboardInterrupt]))),
):
with RaisesExc(BaseExceptionGroup[KeyboardInterrupt]):
raise BaseExceptionGroup("", [KeyboardInterrupt()])
with RaisesGroup(ExceptionGroup[Exception]):
raise ExceptionGroup(
"", [ExceptionGroup("", [ValueError(), ValueError(), ValueError()])]
)
with RaisesExc(BaseExceptionGroup[BaseException]):
raise BaseExceptionGroup("", [KeyboardInterrupt()])
def test_tuples() -> None:
# raises has historically supported one of several exceptions being raised
with pytest.raises((ValueError, IndexError)):
raise ValueError
# so now RaisesExc also does
with RaisesExc((ValueError, IndexError)):
raise IndexError
# but RaisesGroup currently doesn't. There's an argument it shouldn't because
# it can be confusing - RaisesGroup((ValueError, TypeError)) looks a lot like
# RaisesGroup(ValueError, TypeError), and the former might be interpreted as the latter.
with pytest.raises(
TypeError,
match=wrap_escape(
"expected exception must be a BaseException type, RaisesExc, or RaisesGroup, not 'tuple'.\n"
"RaisesGroup does not support tuples of exception types when expecting one of "
"several possible exception types like RaisesExc.\n"
"If you meant to expect a group with multiple exceptions, list them as separate arguments."
),
):
RaisesGroup((ValueError, IndexError)) # type: ignore[call-overload]